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Dimensional Range
C65610 copper rods are available in a broad range of sizes to accommodate industrial requirements:
- Diameter: 1.0 mm to 200 mm .
- Tolerances:
- ≤20 mm: ±0.1 mm
- 20–52 mm: ±0.2 mm
52 mm: ±0.3 mm .
- Length: Standard lengths range from 2,500 mm to 6,000 mm, with custom lengths available upon request .
Shapes: Primarily supplied as round rods; other shapes (e.g., square, hexagonal) are less common for this grade and typically require specialized processing .
International Standards
C65610 complies with multiple global standards, ensuring consistency in quality and performance:
A. ASTM Standards
- ASTM B187/B187M: Specifies requirements for general-purpose copper rod, bar, and shapes, including mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation) and conductivity .
- ASTM B249/B249M: Outlines manufacturing processes (hot/cold working, annealing) and dimensional tolerances for wrought copper alloys .
B. European Standards
- EN 13601:2013: Defines composition, electrical properties (e.g., conductivity ≥58 MS/m), and dimensional tolerances for copper rods used in electrical applications. This standard covers round rods with diameters up to 160 mm .
- EN 12164:2016: Applies to free-machining copper alloy rods, though C65610’s high purity may limit direct applicability unless modified for specific machining needs .
C. Chinese Standards
- GB/T 4423-2020: Specifies technical requirements for cold-drawn copper rods, including chemical composition, tensile strength (≥200 MPa), and surface quality .
Key Properties
- Electrical Conductivity: ≥101% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), ideal for high-efficiency electrical transmission .
- Mechanical Properties:
- Tensile Strength: 200–300 MPa (varies with temper) .
- Elongation: 15–40% (dependent on cold-working degree) .
- Thermal Conductivity: ~398 W/m·K, suitable for heat exchangers and cooling systems .
Chemical Composition
C65610 is classified as a silicon bronze alloy, primarily composed of copper (Cu) with silicon (Si) as the key alloying element. Based on analogous high-silicon bronze materials (e.g., C-65510 and C656), the typical chemical composition ranges are inferred as follows:
- Copper (Cu): ~94–96% (base metal).
- Silicon (Si): 1.5–3.5% (enhances strength, corrosion resistance, and castability).
- Nickel (Ni): ≤1.0% (improves heat and corrosion resistance).
- Manganese (Mn): ≤1.0% (enhances hardenability and ductility).
- Iron (Fe): ≤0.8% (strengthens the matrix).
- Zinc (Zn): ≤0.5% (optional for specific applications).
- Lead (Pb): ≤0.05% (trace impurity).
- Other trace elements: Aluminum (Al), Tin (Sn), or Phosphorus (P) may be present in minor quantities depending on processing requirements .
Mechanical Properties
C65610 exhibits a balance of strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for demanding engineering applications. Key mechanical properties include:
Tensile Strength:
- Annealed (O61 state): 52–58 ksi (358–400 MPa).
- Cold-worked (H04 state): Up to 75 ksi (517 MPa) depending on processing.
Yield Strength (0.2% offset):
- Annealed: 25–30 ksi (172–207 MPa).
- Cold-worked: 45–60 ksi (310–414 MPa).
Elongation (% in 2"):
- Annealed: 25–35%.
- Cold-worked: 10–15%.
Hardness:
- Rockwell B (HRB): 50–75 (annealed); 76–93 (cold-worked).
- Rockwell F (HRF): 45–55 (annealed); 70–82 (cold-worked).
Impact Toughness:
- Charpy V-notch: 20–30 ft-lb (27–41 J) at room temperature.
Thermal Properties:
- Melting Range: 1650–1750°F (900–955°C).
- Thermal Conductivity: 50–60 W/m·K.
- Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 18–20 µm/m·°C (20–200°C).
Electrical Conductivity:
~25% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), balancing conductivity with mechanical performance .
Processing and Fabrication Characteristics
- Formability: Excellent for both hot and cold working, including stamping, bending, and extrusion.
- Weldability: Suitable for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), brazing, and resistance welding.
- Machinability: Rated 30% (relative to free-cutting brass), requiring sharp tools and adequate lubrication.
Corrosion Resistance: Superior in marine and industrial environments due to silicon’s passivation effect .
Production process and product advantages of C65610 copper rod:
Production process
Raw material processing and smelting
Use high-purity yellow copper (copper content above 90%) or electrolytic copper as raw material, remove impurities through radiation inspection and manual sorting to ensure the purity of raw materials. Add slag remover, zinc ingot and other auxiliary materials during smelting to optimize the alloy composition and reduce the oxygen content (can be controlled at 5-6ppm, far lower than the national standard of 10ppm).
Forming process
Mainly adopt short process, such as upward continuous casting → continuous extrusion → rolling → drawing → annealing → finishing. Among them, continuous extrusion technology can achieve efficient forming and reduce energy consumption; upward continuous casting process can produce copper rods or copper rod blanks with large coil weight (up to 5.5 tons), which is suitable for mass production. Some companies also use horizontal continuous casting method to obtain copper rods with high surface accuracy through traction cutting and polishing.
Post-processing and recycling
The scraps and waste generated during the processing are recycled through remelting to reduce raw material loss. The finished products are ground, pickled or brightened to meet different surface requirements.
Product advantages
Excellent performance
High strength and high conductivity: Through precision plastic deformation (extrusion, drawing) and annealing processes, copper rods have both high strength and high conductivity, suitable for high-demand fields such as precision instruments and electronic devices.
Cutting performance: Copper rods with optimized alloy composition (such as lead brass) have excellent cutting performance and are suitable for manufacturing complex parts.
Diversity of specifications
Special specifications such as ultra-wide (such as 300mm), ultra-thin (1.5mm) and large diameter (φ35mm) can be produced to meet the diversified needs of bus ducts, special connectors, etc.
Environmental protection and cost-effectiveness
Using recycled copper (waste copper) as raw material, combined with short process technology, significantly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Recycling of scraps and continuous extrusion technology improves material utilization and reduces production costs.
Market competitiveness
The high-precision and high-density product characteristics are in line with the trend of environmental protection and precision manufacturing. They are widely used in sanitary ware, air conditioning and refrigeration, new energy vehicles and other fields, and the market demand continues to grow.
Q1:Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?
A1:Yes, we can provide samples free of charge and the customer will pay the freight.
Q2:What if I don't have export experience ?
A2:We have reliable forwarder agent which can ship items to you by sea/air/Express to your doorstep. Any way, we will help you choose the most suitable shipping service.
Q3:How long is your lead time?
A3:If it is in stock, it is usually 5-10 days. Or, if there is no inventory, 15 days, depending on the quantity.
Q4:What are your terms of payment?
A4:30% T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance within 5 days after B/L copy, 100%.Irrevocable L/C at sight, 100% Irrevocable L/C after receive B/L 30-120 days, O/A.
Q5:How is your technical support?
A5:We provide lifetime online support through Whatsapp/ Skype/ Wechat/ Email. Any problem after delivery, we will offer you call anytime.
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