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Detailed size range
The size range of C51900 copper rods varies depending on the production process:
Hot extrusion process (M30): diameter range is Φ10mm–300mm, and the length is usually 2 meters to 6 meters.
Drawing (H50) and annealing (O60) process: diameter range is Φ3mm–80mm (minimum can be 3mm), and the length can also reach 6 meters.
Conventional spot specifications: Common round rod diameter is Φ10mm–210mm, and some special needs can be customized to 300mm.
In addition, according to market supply, the size range of special-shaped rods such as hexagonal rods and square rods is similar to that of round rods, but the width or outer diameter is usually limited to 5mm–80mm.
International standards
C51900 copper rods correspond to the following grades in the standard systems of different countries:
American Standard (ASTM): C51900.
European Standard (EN): CuSn6 (corresponding to the phosphor bronze type of C51900).
Japanese Standard (JIS): C5191
Chinese National Standard (GB): QSn6.5-0.1 (tin phosphor bronze, chemical composition consistent with C51900)
Chemical composition
Main components:
Copper (Cu): Balance (usually about 89%-91%).
Tin (Sn): 6.0%-7.0%
Phosphorus (P): There are two common ranges:
0.10%-0.25% (ASTM, GB/T standards)
0.03%-0.35% (some international standards such as EN, JIS).
Impurity limits: Lead (Pb) ≤0.02%, Iron (Fe) ≤0.05%, Aluminum (Al) ≤0.002%, others such as silicon, antimony, bismuth, etc. are ≤0.002%, total impurity amount ≤0.1%.
Mechanical properties
Basic performance range (differences in different states):
Tensile strength (σb):
Annealed state: 350-450 MPa;
Cold worked state (hard state): 380-620 MPa (up to 629 MPa);
Some standards require ≥470 MPa (such as bars).
Yield strength (σs):
Annealed state: 200-250 MPa;
Cold worked state: 390-570 MPa.
Elongation (δ5):
Annealed state: 13%-29%;
Hard state: more than 14%.
Elastic modulus: 110 GPa (tensile), some data is 16 GPa (possible unit differences need to be verified).
Other key properties:
Hardness: Rockwell B hardness 42-91, surface hardness 45-76 (30T scale).
Wear resistance: Due to the presence of tin and phosphorus, it has excellent wear resistance and is suitable for bearings, gears, etc.
Fatigue strength: high fatigue resistance, suitable for elastic components.
III. Physical and thermal properties
Density: 8.65-8.80 g/cm³.
Thermal conductivity: 38-54.4 W/m·K.
Coefficient of thermal expansion: 18 µm/m·K or 18.5×10⁻⁶/°C (20-300°C).
Melting point: solidus 930°C, liquidus 1040°C.
Electrical conductivity: 14%-15.5% IACS (may decrease after cold working).
The production process of C51900 copper rod combines traditional and advanced technologies. The specific process is as follows:
Raw material smelting: electrolytic copper, tin, zinc ingots, etc. are used as raw materials, heated to 1100℃ in an electric furnace for melting, and slag remover is added to remove impurities.
Continuous casting: Molten copper liquid is formed into ingots through horizontal continuous casting technology. The advanced process uses a large-tonnage horizontal continuous casting furnace to ensure the stability of the ingot quality. Some processes also involve hot extrusion (reverse extruder) after continuous casting or direct forming of continuous casting rods.
Hot processing and forming: including red punching process (copper rods are heated to 800℃ and then stamped), or adjusting the shape through hot extrusion, skinning and other steps.
Cold processing and finishing: A combined drawing machine is used for stretching and straightening, and machining (turning, drilling, etc.) and annealing are used to improve performance.
Surface treatment: Some processes require polishing and electroplating (outsourcing) to improve surface finish.
Note: The traditional process is mainly based on ingot casting-hot extrusion-stretching, while the advanced short process uses continuous extrusion technology to improve efficiency and environmental protection.
Product advantages of C51900 copper rod
Due to its unique composition and process, C51900 copper rod has the following core advantages:
Excellent mechanical properties
High strength and high elasticity: high tensile strength, excellent elastic modulus, suitable for precision springs, connectors and other elastic components.
Wear resistance: phosphorus improves wear resistance, suitable for manufacturing wear-resistant parts such as bushings and sleeves.
Excellent processing performance
Easy cutting and cold forming: Adding lead or zinc improves machinability, and still maintains good processing performance in cold state.
Welding and brazing: Suitable for the connection process of complex structural parts.
Corrosion resistance and stability
Corrosion resistance: Excellent performance in the atmosphere, fresh water and industrial environment, resistant to pitting and seawater corrosion.
Stress relaxation resistance: It can still maintain elasticity and outstanding stability under long-term use.
Special functionality
Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity: Suitable for conductive parts such as electrical connectors and relay springs.
Non-magnetic: Meet the needs of anti-magnetic components, such as precision instruments and electronic equipment.
Wide applicability
Applied in 5G communications, new energy vehicles, high-end equipment and other fields, covering electronics and electrical, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industries.
Q1:Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?
A1:Yes, we can provide samples free of charge and the customer will pay the freight.
Q2:What if I don't have export experience ?
A2:We have reliable forwarder agent which can ship items to you by sea/air/Express to your doorstep. Any way, we will help you choose the most suitable shipping service.
Q3:How long is your lead time?
A3:If it is in stock, it is usually 5-10 days. Or, if there is no inventory, 15 days, depending on the quantity.
Q4:What are your terms of payment?
A4:30% T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance within 5 days after B/L copy, 100%.Irrevocable L/C at sight, 100% Irrevocable L/C after receive B/L 30-120 days, O/A.
Q5:How is your technical support?
A5:We provide lifetime online support through Whatsapp/ Skype/ Wechat/ Email. Any problem after delivery, we will offer you call anytime.
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